In recent years, muon tomography has appeared as a powerful and innovative technique for non-invasive imaging of both large and small structures, with applications in different fields such as geology, archaeology and security. This study presents the design and simulation of a portable, easy-to-construct de- tector based on plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers using current technology. The system employs a modular approach, where the fundamental detection unit is an 8×8 array of plastic scintillator sensors, creating a single detection plane with an active area of 48.4 x 48.4 cm2. Two such planes are combined to form a sub-detector, enabling the reconstruction of muon trajectories. For full tomographic capability, the complete system uses two of these sub-detectors, positioned on opposite sides of the object under investigation, to measure the scattering angle of muons for material differentiation. The cosmic ray flux reaching Earth’s atmosphere was input to CORSIKA to simulate atmospheric muons and other secondary particles at ground level. The geometry and materials of the detector and target object were simulated using GEANT4, which transports the previously generated muon flux. Two muon tomography methods, based on data on muon absorption or scattering, were employed to distinguish objects composed of different materials. Statistical differences were quantified for various object sizes and materials. Using a 3 σ threshold in the first method, it was determined that objects made of lead can be distinguished from those made of other materials. The observation times required to differentiate an object made of lead from one made of alu- minum were 1.3 ± 0.2 days and 9.4 ± 3.7 days for the first and second methods, respectively.